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Top 100 Network Security Tools

2007-02-21T01:44:00.001-08:00

Test Your Knowledge of Apache Topics

2007-02-20T20:24:00.000-08:00

Apache, along with Linux, MySQL and PHP/Perl/Python, is a component of the acronym LAMP that is considered to be services you need to know and use in the open source world of today. Following are 50 questions on general aspects of Apache and Tomcat that anyone working with it at an advanced level should know.

Good luck!

1. What is the default location for the Apache error log?

A. /bin/apache2/logs/error_log
B. /var/local/apache2/error_log
C. /usr/local/apache2/logs/error_log
D. /var/apache2/logs/error_log

2. You have been asked by your manager to install the APache eXtension Tool (apxs). What type of program is this?

A. a compiled executable
B. a runtime module
C. a Perl script
D. a library

3. Which of the following is considered the main Apache configuration file?

A. apache.conf
B. httpd.conf
C. web.conf
D. webd.conf

4. Which version of HTTP is implemented by Apache?

A. 1.0
B. 1.1
C. 2.0
D. 2.2

5. Which of the following types of virtual hosting can host many sites on the same IP address?

A. IP virtual hosting
B. Name-based virtual hosting
C. Transport-based virtual hosting
D. Reverse name virtual hosting

6. If there is no KeepAliveTimeout directive set for a vhost, where is the value for it inherited from?

A. ServerAdmin
B. KeepAlive
C. SendBuffer
D. main_server

7. The recommended method of starting the httpd daemon is to call which control script?

A. httpd -l
B. apachestart
C. apachectl
D. startapache

8. What is the default port httpd allows access on?

A. 27
B. 63
C. 70
D. 80

9. Which type of signal does the command apachectl -k stop send to httpd?

A. TERM
B. USR1
C. HUP
D. WINCH

10. What is the default value of the ProxyTimeout directive (in seconds)?

A. 60
B. 180
C. 300
D. 500

11. Which multi-processing module is the default for Unix-based systems?

A. mpmt_unix
B. mpm_unix
C. beos
D. prefork

12. What are the two ways in which filtering can be used in Apache (choose two)?

A. Static
B. Simple
C. Dynamic
D. Active

13. To implement Java in Apache, which servlet container must be run?

A. Tomcat
B. Mohawk
C. Beans
D. Cherokee

14. What is the default value of the CookieStyle directive?

A. Mozilla
B. IE
C. Apache
D. Netscape

15. Where, by default, is the httpd.conf file located?

A. /usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf
B. /usr/local/apache2/httpd.conf
C. /usr/local/conf/httpd.conf
D. none of the above

16. You are currently running Tomcat version 5.5. What Servlet/JSP specification does this version support?

A. 2.2/1.1
B. 2.3/1.2
C. 2.4/2.0
D. 2.5/2.1

17. By default, what is used in Tomcat for JDK Logging?

A. LogManager
B. JULI
C. Log5J
D. Timber

18. Which of the following types of virtual hosting distinguishes between sites based on the IP address?

A. IP virtual hosting
B. Name-based virtual hosting
C. Transport-based virtual hosting
D. Reverse name virtual hosting

19. Which type of signal does the command apachectl -k graceful send to httpd?

A. TERM
B. USR1
C. HUP
D. WINCH

20. What is the default value of the MaxThreads directive (indicating the maximum number of worker threads)?

A. 256
B. 512
C. 1024
D. 2048

21. By default, which of the following ports are allowed to CONNECT through the proxy (choose all that are correct):

A. 187
B. 295
C. 443
D. 563

22. What is the default value of the CookieName directive?

A. Mozilla
B. IE
C. Apache
D. Netscape

23. Which Java feature is used to allow a web browser to run an applet in its own sandbox — thus keeping untrusted code isolated form files on the local system?

A. RestrictedShell
B. Confine_Pen
C. Isolator
D. SecurityManager

24. Which of the following statements about the Apache Portable Runtime module is true?

A. APR does not require OpenSSL
B. Most Linux distributions ship packages for APR
C. APR operates without a library
D. APR only runs on Windows-based clients

25. What is the name of the rules-based load balancer that ships with Tomcat 5.0.15 and later?

A. symmetry
B. balancer
C. stable
D. None of the above

26. Which of the following is used by Tomcat 5 for implementing manageability?

A. JMX Focus
B. JMX Manager
C. JMX MBeans
D. JMX SNMP

27. By default, which of the following is true of CGI support in Tomcat?

A. It is enabled
B. It is disabled
C. It is not supported
D. None of the above

28. What is the default port for https communication?

A. 80
B. 119
C. 443
D. 843

29. Which type of signal does the command apachectl -k restart send to httpd?

A. TERM
B. USR1
C. HUP
D. WINCH

30. What is the default value of the MaxKeepAliveRequests directive?

A. 500
B. 100
C. 300
D. 500

31. What does Tomcat 5.5 use to implement the JavaServer Pages 2.0 specification?

A. SSI
B. Jasper 2 JSP Engine
C. CGI
D. SSL

32. In the language of Tomcat, which of the following is a database of usernames and passwords of users that can use a web application?

A. office
B. department
C. realm
D. world

33. By default, which class loader in Tomcat 5 holds the basic runtime classes for the Java Virtual Machine?

A. bootstrap
B. system
C. common
D. shared

34. Within Tomcat, SSI support is available as a servlet or a(n):

A. command
B. container
C. filter
D. object

35. By default, which class loader in Tomcat 5 is initialized with values from the CLASSPATH environment variable?

A. bootstrap
B. system
C. common
D. shared

36. Almost any directive that appears in the httpd.conf file can also appear in what other type of file?

A. apachedump
B. perchild
C. .htaccess
D. conf_common

37. Which utility can be used to create a user for Apache?

A. apacheuser
B. htpasswd
C. apachemake
D. gnu_users

38. What is the default value of the CacheDefaultExpire directive (in seconds)?

A. 86400
B. 6400
C. 3600
D. 60

39. You must have root privileges to start apache if the port used for web traffic is equal to, or below, what value?

A. 80
B. 512
C. 1024
D. 1200

40. Which type of signal does the command apachectl -k graceful-stop send to httpd?

A. TERM
B. USR1
C. HUP
D. WINCH

41. What is the default value of the IdentityCheckTimeout directive (in seconds)?

A. 10
B. 30
C. 300
D. 800

42. By default, which of the following is true of SSI support in Tomcat?

A. It is enabled
B. It is disabled
C. It is not supported
D. None of the above

43. To run session replication in a Tomcat 5.5 container, all session attributes must implement which of the following?

A. java.io.Replicate
B. java.io.Serializable
C. java.io.Standard
D. java.io.Stable

44. By default, which class loader in Tomcat 5 contains additional classes that are made visible to both Tomcat internal classes and to all web applications?

A. bootstrap
B. system
C. common
D. shared

45. By default, which class loader in Tomcat 5 should be used to hold all classes and applications that you want to share across all web applications?

A. bootstrap
B. system
C. common
D. shared

46. You are using SSL and Tomcat. What is the default value of the port attribute (the port that Tomcat will use to listen for secure connections)?

A. 443
B. 8443
C. 10403
D. 18443

47. Which of the following are directives placed in HTML pages that can be evaluated on the server side and dynamically generate content for existing HTML pages?

A. SGI
B. STP
C. SII
D. SSI

48. Which port is used to interact with the Tomcat rules-based load balancer?

A. 1025
B. 6330
C. 8080
D. 10400

49. What is the default value of the CacheMaxExpire directive (in seconds)?

A. 86400
B. 6400
C. 3600
D. 60

50. You want to change httpd from accepting traffic on port 80 to a higher number. What directive must you change?

A. listen
B. traffic
C. available
D. open

Test Your Knowledge of MySQL Topics

2007-02-20T20:17:00.000-08:00

MySQL is one of those technologies that you must know if you are working with open source technology today. Following are 50 questions on general aspects of MySQL that anyone working with it at an advanced level should know.

Good luck !

Questions

1. What was the table size limitation in MySQL 3.22?

A. 16TB
B. 4TB
C. 4GB
D. 2GB

2. Which of the following types of replication is based on propagation of SQL statements from master to slave?

A. case-based
B. activity-based
C. statement-based
D. row-based

3. You have recently downloaded a MySQL package and want to check its integrity. Which of the following is not a method of checking integrity available with MySQL packages?

A. MD5 checksums
B. Kerberos
C. GnuPG
D. RPM integrity verification

4. Beneath which directory, on a Linux server, is the mysqld server placed during a normal installation?

A. /usr/sbin
B. /var/lib/mysql
C. /usr/share/mysql
D. /usr/lib/mysql

5. Which of the following commands can be used to do a minimal install of MySQL server using the RPMs?

A. rpm –q MySQL-server-VERSION.i386.rpm
B. rpm –i MySQL-server-VERSION.i386.rpm
C. rpm –p MySQL-server-VERSION.i386.rpm
D. rpm –l MySQL-server-VERSION.i386.rpm

6. Which of the following commands should be given to connect as the anonymous user of a MySQL server running on the local host?

A. mysql –u anon
B. mysql –u " "
C. mysql -u
D. mysql

7. Which command can be given at the mysql> prompt to disconnect?

A. mysql -l
B. BYE
C. QUIT
D. mysql -q

8. You are entering a multiple-line query in MySQL. What does the mysql> prompt change to?

A. #
B. ->
C. ?
D. &

9. While entering a multiple-line query, you realize that you really don't want to execute the command. What can you enter to stop the process you are currently in?

A. \c
B. \b
C. \r
D. \d

10. Which of the following commands should be used to create a database named "anderson"?

A. CREATE DATABASE anderson
B. CREATE –I anderson
C. DATABASE /anderson
D. mysql –s anderson

11. After creating the "anderson" database, you want to use it. Which command should you give?

A. SELECT anderson
B. ENTER anderson
C. USE anderson
D. OPEN anderson

12. When a new database is created, how many tables are in it by default?

A. 0
B. 1
C. 2
D. >2

13. Which of the following commands will retrieve everything from the "community" table?

A. SELECT community;
B. SELECT ALL IN community;
C. SELECT community /ALL
D. SELECT * FROM community;

14. (Fill in the blank) You only want to see the column named "leaders" in the table named "community". What command should you use?

15. With an ORDER BY sort operation, what is the default sort order?

A. ascending
B. descending
C. binary
D. none of the above

16. In MySQL, which value(s) means "false" (choose all that apply)?

A. 0
B. 1
C. 2
D. NULL

17. You want to find all leaders in the "community" table that have names seven characters long. Which command will perform this operation?

A. SELECT [7] FROM leaders IN community;
B. SELECT * FROM community WHERE leaders REGEXP '^…….$';
C. SELECT * FROM leaders IN COMMUNITY WHERE LEN=7;
D. SELECT ??????? FROM leaders IN community;

18. (Fill in the blank) What command can be used to determine how many rows in the "community" table?

19. After an extended lunch period, you cannot remember which table is currently in use in your MySQL session. Which command can you use to see the name of the database?

A. SHOW
B. TABLE SHOW
C. SHOW DATABASE ();
D. SELECT DATABASE ();

20. Which of the following commands can be used to see the structure of the "community" table?

A. SHOW community;
B. DESCRIBE community;
C. TABLES community;
D. FIELDS community;

21. You have created a batch file named "seaborne" that you want MySQL to run when it starts. Which of the following commands will accomplish this?

A. mysql -s seaborne
B. mysql seaborne
C. mysql <>D. mysql seaborne

22. (Fill in the blank) Within the table "pools", there is a column named "capacity" that indicates how many gallons of water each pool holds. What command should you give to find only the highest number in this column and nothing further?

23. Which attribute can be used to generate a unique identity for new rows?

A. AND_NUMBER
B. ADD_ONE
C. ADD_NUMBER
D. AUTO_INCREMENT

24. Which MySQL program is the administrative client?

A. mysqlcheck
B. mysqladmin
C. mysqlshow
D. mysqlhotcopy

25. Which of the following files should hold user-specific options for MySQL?

A. ~/mysql.conf
B. ~/.my.cnf
C. ~/conf.my
D. None of the above

26. Which of the following represents the recommended way to start the mysqld server

A. mysql
B. mysqld
C. mysqld_safe
D. mysqld_start

27. Which port does MySQL use by default?

A. 3306
B. 2719
C. 1453
D. 1048

28. Which set of statements are used for controlling access to MySQL (choose two)?

A. GRANT
B.
REVOKE
C. ALLOW
D. DENY

29. MySQL uses three tables for access control. Which of the following is not one of those tables?

A. db
B. host
C. priv
D. user

30. What is the default number of characters that are set aside in the MySQL access control table(s) for the Password?

A. 64
B. 32
C. 16
D. 8

31. Password hashes in newer versions of MySQL always begin with which character?

A. x
B. *
C. -
D. #

32. What is the maximum length, in terms of characters, that can be used for the username in MySQL?

A. 64
B. 32
C. 16
D. 8

33. Which commands are used to remove a user account in MySQL?

A. CANCEL USER
B. REMOVE USER
C. DELETE USER
D. DROP USER

34. Which MySQL program performs table maintenance?

A. mysqlcheck
B. mysqladmin
C. mysqlshow
D. mysqlhotcopy

35. Which of the following commands can be used to see what each account has access to?

A. DISPLAY USERS
B. SHOW GRANTS
C. LIST RIGHTS
D. SEE PERMISSIONS

36. Which of the following utilities can be used to create a full backup of your database?

A. mysqldump
B. mysqlback
C. mysqlcopy
D. myisamsqltape

37. You have been called in to do an emergency crash recovery of a table. There are a number of files having the same name as the MyISAM table you are needing to recover and different extensions. Which extension is associated with the index file?

A. FRM
B. MYI
C. MYD
D. IDX

38. By default, where are the MySQL log files created?

A. in the /var/logs directory
B. beneath /tmp
C. beneath /etc
D. in the mysqld data directory

39. Which statement is used to flush the MySQL logs?

A. FLUSH LOGS
B. REFRESH LOGS
C. EMPTY LOGS
D. PARSE LOGS

40. Which MySQL program creates read-only tables?

A. myisamread
B. myisampack
C. myisamchk
D. myisamreadonly

41. Which of the following is NOT an advantage of statement-based replication?

A. smaller log files
B. slave can be a newer version of MySQL
C. statements using LOAD_FILE() cannot be replicated properly
D. slave can have a different row structure

42. Which MySQL utility can be used to kill processes that match a specific pattern?

A. mysqlslap
B. mysqlkill
C. replace
D. mysql_zap

43. Which statement set allows you to change the overall characteristics of a database?

A. DATABASE CHANGE
B. CHANGE DATABASE
C. ALTER DATABASE
D. REORG

44. Which MySQL program makes database backups?

A. mysqlcheck
B. mysqladmin
C. mysqlshow
D. mysqlhotcopy

45. Which of the following is the term used for a named database object associated with a table and activated when a particular event occurs?

A. trigger
B. alarm
C. bell
D. siren

46. Which database term is used to reference a control structure for records returned by a query?

A. coldstone
B. cache
C. cursor
D. view

47. Which database term is used to reference a table composed of the results from a query?

A. coldstone
B. cache
C. cursor
D. view

48. Which MySQL utility can be used to emulate client load?

A. mysqlslap
B. mysqlkill
C. replace
D. mysql_zap

49. Which MyISAM table file extension is associated with the data file?

A. FRM
B. MYI
C. MYD
D. IDX

50. Which MySQL program displays the meaning of error codes?

A. errorchk
B. myisampack
C. myisamchk
D. perror